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WHAT IS SOFTWARE
"Software" redirects here. For other uses, see Software (disambiguation). Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do and how to do it. We can also say software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purposes. In other words software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation. Program software performs the function of the program it implements, either by directly providing instructions to the computer hardware or by serving as input to another piece of software. The term was coined to contrast to the old term hardware (meaningphysical devices). In contrast to hardware, software is intangible, meaning it"cannot be touched".[1] Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense,meaning application software only. Sometimes the term includes data that has nottraditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes, and records.
Examples of computer software include:
* Application software includes end-user applications of computers such as word
processors or video games, and ERP software for groups of users.
* Middleware controls and co-ordinates distributed systems.
* Programming languages define the syntax and semantics of computer programs.
For example, many mature banking applications were written in the COBOL
language, originally invented in 1959. Newer applications are often written in more
modern programming languages.
* System software includes operating systems, which govern computing
resources. Today[when?] large[quantify] applications running on remote machines
such as Websites are considered[by whom?] to be system software,
because[citation needed] the end-user interface is generally through a graphical
user interface, such as a web browser.
* Testware is software for testing hardware or a software package.
* Firmware is low-level software often stored on electrically programmable
memory devices. Firmware is given its name because it is treated like hardware and
run ("executed") by other software programs.
* Shrinkware is the older name given to consumer-purchased software, because
it was often sold in retail stores in a shrink-wrapped box.
* Device drivers control parts of computers such as disk drives, printers, CD
drives, or computer monitors.
* Programming tools help conduct computing tasks in any category listed above.
For programmers, these could be tools for debugging or reverse engineering older
legacy systems in order to check source code compatibility.
* Application software includes end-user applications of computers such as word
processors or video games, and ERP software for groups of users.
* Middleware controls and co-ordinates distributed systems.
* Programming languages define the syntax and semantics of computer programs.
For example, many mature banking applications were written in the COBOL
language, originally invented in 1959. Newer applications are often written in more
modern programming languages.
* System software includes operating systems, which govern computing
resources. Today[when?] large[quantify] applications running on remote machines
such as Websites are considered[by whom?] to be system software,
because[citation needed] the end-user interface is generally through a graphical
user interface, such as a web browser.
* Testware is software for testing hardware or a software package.
* Firmware is low-level software often stored on electrically programmable
memory devices. Firmware is given its name because it is treated like hardware and
run ("executed") by other software programs.
* Shrinkware is the older name given to consumer-purchased software, because
it was often sold in retail stores in a shrink-wrapped box.
* Device drivers control parts of computers such as disk drives, printers, CD
drives, or computer monitors.
* Programming tools help conduct computing tasks in any category listed above.
For programmers, these could be tools for debugging or reverse engineering older
legacy systems in order to check source code compatibility.
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